{"id":10542,"date":"2022-08-16T07:11:47","date_gmt":"2022-08-16T07:11:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/sauvegarde-du-vaquita\/"},"modified":"2024-04-09T07:18:49","modified_gmt":"2024-04-09T07:18:49","slug":"sauvegarde-du-vaquita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/sauvegarde-du-vaquita\/","title":{"rendered":"Le vaquita peut-il \u00eatre sauv\u00e9 ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vous rappelez-vous du vaquita ? Le plus petit mammif\u00e8re marin encore existant !<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Le vaquita, en voie de disparition ?<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">En moins d\u2019un si\u00e8cle, la seule population pr\u00e9sente dans les eaux mexicaines est pass\u00e9e de quelques milliers \u00e0 seulement quelques individus (&lt;10) en 2021. La raison de cette trag\u00e9die est l\u2019Homme, de part les nuisances chimiques et sonores pendant longtemps et d\u00e9sormais de part les captures accidentelles. Le vaquita se trouve dans une zone o\u00f9 le braconnage du totoaba (esp\u00e8ce prot\u00e9g\u00e9e) en fait une victime collat\u00e9rale. De nombreuses campagnes ont eu lieu afin de prot\u00e9ger l\u2019esp\u00e8ce et de sauver les vaquitas restants, mais sans succ\u00e8s \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Depuis 2019, de nombreux articles scientifiques et publics sont \u00e9mis faisant \u00e9tat de ce ravage, et<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.fr\/animaux\/le-vaquita-cetace-le-plus-rare-au-monde-est-en-train-de-disparaitre#:~:text=Le%20vaquita%20(Phocoena%20sinus)%20vit,avec%20son%20ou%20sa%20partenaire.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> pr\u00e9disant une disparition de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce d\u2019ici 5 ans.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Afin d\u2019\u00e9viter cela, une solution : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wwf.fr\/sengager-ensemble\/relayer-campagnes\/marsouins-californie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">venir \u00e0 bout des captures accidentelles<\/a> !<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_9264\" style=\"width: 704px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9264\" class=\"wp-image-9264\" src=\"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vaquita.jpg\" alt=\"Vaquita image\" width=\"694\" height=\"454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vaquita.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vaquita-300x196.jpg 300w, https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vaquita-768x502.jpg 768w, https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vaquita-600x392.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 694px) 100vw, 694px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-9264\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cr\u00e9dit photo : Flickr<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>La possibilit\u00e9 d&#8217;une recolonisation de l&#8217;esp\u00e8ce existe-t-elle ?<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cependant, est-ce que quelques individus peuvent suffire \u00e0 recoloniser les eaux mexicaines et ainsi amener cette esp\u00e8ce sur une pente montante ?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cela d\u00e9pend de la diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique de ces individus (\u00e0 quel point leur ADN est diff\u00e9rent), si elle est trop faible et\/ou que la consanguinit\u00e9 est trop forte, l\u2019esp\u00e8ce ne pourra se r\u00e9tablir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Une \u00e9tude sortie mi-2022 a pu r\u00e9aliser diff\u00e9rentes analyses g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques afin d\u2019\u00e9tudier cette esp\u00e8ce. Les principaux r\u00e9sultats obtenus ont montr\u00e9 que la population a toujours compt\u00e9 peu d\u2019individus, qu\u2019elle ne souffrait pas de consanguinit\u00e9 et que la diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique \u00e9tait importante.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ces r\u00e9sultats montrent que si les captures accidentelles sont stopp\u00e9es, la population peut \u00e9viter une possible extinction et survivre. Ils mettent aussi en \u00e9vidence l\u2019utilit\u00e9 des outils g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques dans la conservation des esp\u00e8ces.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/les-especes\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9265 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bouton-CTA-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"673\" height=\"187\" srcset=\"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bouton-CTA-2.png 6912w, https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bouton-CTA-2-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bouton-CTA-2-1024x284.png 1024w, https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bouton-CTA-2-768x213.png 768w, https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bouton-CTA-2-1536x427.png 1536w, https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bouton-CTA-2-2048x569.png 2048w, https:\/\/miraceti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Bouton-CTA-2-600x167.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 673px) 100vw, 673px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Source : Robinson <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">et al.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, 2022 \u201cThe critically endangered vaquita is not doomed to extinction by inbreeding depression\u201d (https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.abm1742)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vous rappelez-vous du vaquita ? Le plus petit mammif\u00e8re marin encore existant ! &nbsp; Le vaquita, en voie de disparition ? &nbsp; En moins d\u2019un si\u00e8cle, la seule population pr\u00e9sente dans les eaux mexicaines est pass\u00e9e de quelques milliers \u00e0 seulement quelques individus (&lt;10) en 2021. La raison de cette trag\u00e9die est l\u2019Homme, de part [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":10515,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10542","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10542","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10542"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10542\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12702,"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10542\/revisions\/12702"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10542"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10542"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miraceti.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10542"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}